Blood in Urine (Hematuria)

Overview

Blood in the urine, medically known as hematuria, can appear either visible to the naked eye (gross hematuria) or only detectable under a microscope (microscopic hematuria). While it can be alarming, it's not always a sign of a serious condition.

Types

• Gross hematuria: Visible red or cola-colored urine
• Microscopic hematuria: Blood cells only visible under microscopic examination

Common Causes

Non-Serious Causes

• Vigorous exercise
• Certain medications (blood thinners)
• Menstruation
• Sexual activity

Medical Conditions

• Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
• Kidney or bladder stones
• Enlarged prostate
• Kidney disease
• Bladder or kidney cancer
• Blood disorders

When to Seek Medical Care

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Visible blood in urine
• Blood clots in urine
• Pain during urination
• Lower back pain
• Unexplained fever

Diagnosis

Your healthcare provider may recommend:

1. Urinalysis
2. Blood tests
3. Imaging studies (CT scan, ultrasound)
4. Cystoscopy

Treatment

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include:

• Antibiotics for infections
• Medication adjustments
• Stone removal procedures
• Surgery for structural problems

Prevention

• Stay well-hydrated
• Practice good hygiene
• Complete full courses of prescribed antibiotics
• Attend regular check-ups

Complications

Untreated causes of hematuria may lead to:

• Kidney damage
• Chronic urinary problems
• Progression of underlying conditions

Follow-up Care

Maintain regular communication with your healthcare provider and follow their recommended treatment plan.