Comprehensive Endocrine System Imaging Protocols

1. General Considerations

Patient Preparation

• Fasting requirements: 6-8 hours prior to imaging
• Medication adjustments as needed
• Contrast considerations
• Radiation safety protocols

2. Imaging Modalities by Endocrine Structure

2.1 Pituitary Imaging

• MRI Protocol:
  • T1-weighted sequences with/without contrast
  • T2-weighted sequences
  • Dynamic contrast enhancement
  • Slice thickness: 2-3mm

2.2 Thyroid Imaging

• Ultrasound Specifications:

  • High-frequency linear transducer (7-15 MHz)
  • Standard views: transverse, longitudinal
  • Color Doppler assessment

• Nuclear Medicine:

  • I-123 or Tc-99m pertechnetate
  • Acquisition timing: 4-24 hours post-administration

2.3 Parathyroid Imaging

• Dual-phase Tc-99m sestamibi:
  • Early phase: 10-15 minutes
  • Delayed phase: 2-3 hours
• 4D-CT Protocol:
  • Non-contrast
  • Arterial phase
  • Venous phase

2.4 Adrenal Imaging

• CT Protocol:
  • Non-contrast phase
  • Portal venous phase
  • Delayed phase (15 minutes)
  • Slice thickness: ≤3mm

3. Special Considerations

3.1 Contrast Use

• Iodinated contrast restrictions
• Gadolinium precautions
• eGFR requirements

3.2 Documentation Requirements

• Standard measurements
• Reporting templates
• Follow-up recommendations

4. Quality Control

4.1 Technical Parameters

• Resolution requirements
• Signal-to-noise ratios
• Artifact minimization

4.2 Quality Assurance

• Equipment calibration
• Image quality review
• Protocol adherence verification