Cyclical Vomiting Syndrome (CVS)

What is CVS?

Cyclical Vomiting Syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurring episodes of severe nausea and vomiting that follow a predictable pattern. These episodes are separated by periods of normal health.

Key Characteristics

• Episode Pattern: Sudden onset of intense vomiting
• Duration: Episodes typically last hours to days
• Frequency: Can occur monthly or several times per year
• Predictability: Often follows a similar pattern for each individual

Common Triggers

• Emotional stress or excitement
• Infections
• Physical exhaustion
• Certain foods
• Menstrual periods
• Motion sickness
• Temperature changes

Phases of CVS

1. Prodrome Phase

   • Feeling of impending episode
   • Intense nausea
   • Pallor and lethargy

2. Vomiting Phase

   • Intense, persistent vomiting
   • Inability to eat or drink
   • Possible dehydration

3. Recovery Phase

   • Gradual cessation of vomiting
   • Return of appetite
   • Recovery of energy

Treatment Options

Preventive Measures

• Lifestyle modifications
• Trigger avoidance
• Prophylactic medications

Acute Episode Management

• IV fluids for hydration
• Anti-emetic medications
• Pain management
• Dark, quiet environment

When to Seek Medical Care

• Severe dehydration
• Unable to keep fluids down
• Vomiting lasting >24 hours
• Signs of complications

Long-term Management

• Regular medical follow-up
• Keeping a symptom diary
• Stress management techniques
• Dietary modifications