Epiglottitis: A Serious Throat Condition

What is Epiglottitis?

Epiglottitis is a potentially life-threatening condition where the epiglottis—the small cartilage 'lid' that covers your windpipe—becomes inflamed and swollen. This swelling can block the airway and make breathing difficult.

Key Symptoms

• Severe sore throat that develops rapidly
• Difficulty and pain when swallowing
• Muffled or hoarse voice
• Drooling
• Fever above 38.5°C (101°F)
• Difficulty breathing
• Sitting upright and leaning forward (tripod position)

Causes

Primary Causes:

• Bacterial infections (particularly Haemophilus influenzae type b)
• Other bacterial strains
• Viral infections
• Physical injury

Risk Factors

• Age (though rare in children due to Hib vaccine)
• Compromised immune system
• Unvaccinated status
• Recent throat trauma

Diagnosis

• Physical examination (performed cautiously)
• Lateral neck X-ray
• Laryngoscopy (performed in controlled settings)
• Blood tests

Treatment

Immediate Care:

1. Emergency hospitalization
2. Airway management
3. Intravenous antibiotics
4. Possible intubation

Additional Measures:

• Oxygen therapy
• Corticosteroids to reduce swelling
• Close monitoring in ICU

Prevention

• Hib vaccination
• Good hygiene practices
• Regular medical check-ups

When to Seek Emergency Care

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Severe throat pain
• Difficulty breathing
• Inability to swallow
• High fever with throat symptoms

Long-term Outlook

With prompt treatment, most patients recover completely within 5-7 days.

Follow-up Care

• Complete prescribed antibiotics
• Attend follow-up appointments
• Monitor for recurring symptoms