Slapped Cheek Syndrome (Fifth Disease)

What is Slapped Cheek Syndrome?

Slapped cheek syndrome, also known as fifth disease or erythema infectiosum, is a common viral infection caused by parvovirus B19. The condition gets its name from the characteristic bright red rash that appears on the cheeks, making them look as if they've been slapped.

Key Symptoms

• Initial symptoms (first stage):
  • Low-grade fever
  • Runny nose
  • Sore throat
  • Headache
  • Fatigue
• Distinctive rash (second stage):
  • Bright red cheeks
  • Lacy, pink rash on body and limbs
  • May be itchy

Who is Affected?

• Most common in children aged 4-10 years
• Can affect adults, but less common
• Particularly important for:
  • Pregnant women
  • People with weakened immune systems
  • Those with blood disorders

Treatment and Management

Self-care measures:

• Rest and adequate hydration
• Over-the-counter pain relievers for fever and discomfort
• Antihistamines if itching is severe

When to Seek Medical Care

• If pregnant and exposed
• If you have a weakened immune system
• If symptoms are severe or prolonged

Prevention

• Good hand hygiene
• Covering mouth when coughing
• Avoiding close contact when infectious

Important Notes

• Usually mild and self-limiting
• Most infectious before rash appears
• Once rash appears, no longer contagious
• Can cause complications in specific risk groups

Recovery

• Most cases resolve within 1-3 weeks
• Rash may come and go for several weeks
• No specific antiviral treatment needed for most cases