Type 1 Diabetes: Comprehensive Nutrition Management Guide

Understanding Carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Counting

• Learn to count carbohydrates in grams
• Aim for consistent carb intake at meals
• Target: 45-60g per main meal, 15-30g per snack
• Read food labels carefully

Glycemic Index (GI)

• Choose low-GI foods when possible
• Examples: whole grains, legumes, non-starchy vegetables
• Limit high-GI foods: white bread, sugary drinks

Meal Planning Basics

Balanced Plate Method

1. ½ plate: non-starchy vegetables
2. ¼ plate: lean protein
3. ¼ plate: complex carbohydrates

Timing of Meals

• Eat at regular intervals
• Space meals 4-5 hours apart
• Consider pre-exercise snacks

Important Nutrients

Protein

• 15-20% of daily calories
• Choose lean sources
• Important for muscle maintenance

Healthy Fats

• 20-35% of daily calories
• Focus on unsaturated fats
• Include omega-3 sources

Special Considerations

Exercise Adjustments

• Monitor blood glucose before/during/after exercise
• Adjust carbohydrate intake based on activity
• Keep fast-acting carbs available

Hypoglycemia Prevention

• Never skip meals
• Keep glucose tablets or juice available
• Check blood sugar regularly

Sample Meal Plan

Breakfast (45-60g carbs)

• Oatmeal (30g)
• Small fruit (15g)
• Greek yogurt (15g)

Lunch (45-60g carbs)

• Whole grain bread (30g)
• Vegetables (5g)
• Fruit (15g)

Dinner (45-60g carbs)

• Brown rice (30g)
• Vegetables (5g)
• Sweet potato (15g)

Monitoring and Adjustment

• Keep detailed food logs
• Track blood glucose responses
• Work with healthcare team to adjust as needed