What is Acoustic Neuroma?
An acoustic neuroma is a benign (non-cancerous) tumor that develops on the eighth cranial nerve, which connects the inner ear to the brain. This nerve is responsible for hearing and balance.
Key Facts
- Also known as vestibular schwannoma
- Typically slow-growing
- Affects approximately 1 in 100,000 people
- Usually occurs on only one side (unilateral)
Common Symptoms
- Gradual hearing loss in one ear (95% of cases)
- Tinnitus (ringing in the affected ear)
- Balance problems or unsteadiness
- Dizziness
- Facial numbness or weakness
- Headaches
Diagnosis
Diagnosis typically involves:
- Detailed hearing tests (audiometry)
- MRI with contrast
- Balance testing (vestibular testing)
- Brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER)
Treatment Options
1. Observation ("Watch and Wait")
- Suitable for small, slow-growing tumors
- Regular MRI monitoring
- Recommended for elderly patients or those with minimal symptoms
2. Surgery
- Complete tumor removal
- Different surgical approaches available
- May be necessary for large tumors
3. Radiation Therapy
- Stereotactic radiosurgery (Gamma Knife)
- Fractionated radiotherapy
- Often used for smaller tumors
Recovery and Follow-up
- Regular audiological testing
- Periodic MRI scans
- Balance rehabilitation if needed
- Management of residual symptoms
Living with Acoustic Neuroma
- Adapt to possible hearing changes
- Use assistive devices if necessary
- Join support groups
- Regular medical follow-up
When to Seek Medical Attention
- Sudden hearing loss
- Severe balance problems
- New or worsening symptoms
- Persistent headaches
Prognosis
The overall prognosis is generally good with proper treatment and monitoring. Most patients lead normal lives with appropriate management strategies.