Understanding Acute Cholecystitis

What is Acute Cholecystitis?

Acute cholecystitis is the sudden inflammation of the gallbladder, typically caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct. This condition requires prompt medical attention and often leads to hospitalization.

Common Symptoms

• Severe pain in the upper right abdomen
• Fever and chills
• Nausea and vomiting
• Pain radiating to the right shoulder or back
• Tenderness when touching the abdomen
• Loss of appetite

Risk Factors

• Age (over 40)
• Female gender
• Obesity
• Multiple pregnancies
• Rapid weight loss
• Certain medications (including hormone therapy)

Diagnosis

Your doctor will typically use:

1. Physical examination
2. Blood tests
3. Ultrasound imaging
4. CT scan (in some cases)

Treatment Options

Conservative Management

• Fasting
• Intravenous fluids
• Pain medication
• Antibiotics (if infection present)

Surgical Treatment

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the most common treatment, involving:

• Minimally invasive surgery
• Removal of the gallbladder
• Usually performed within 72 hours of diagnosis

Complications if Untreated

• Gangrene
• Perforation
• Empyema
• Peritonitis

Prevention

• Maintain a healthy weight
• Eat a balanced diet
• Avoid rapid weight loss
• Exercise regularly

When to Seek Medical Care

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Severe abdominal pain
• Fever with abdominal pain
• Prolonged nausea and vomiting

Recovery and Outlook

Most patients recover well after treatment, with minimal lifestyle changes needed after gallbladder removal.