Understanding Age-Related Cataracts

What Are Age-Related Cataracts?

Age-related cataracts occur when the natural lens in your eye becomes cloudy over time. This clouding typically develops gradually as you age and can affect one or both eyes.

Common Symptoms

• Blurred or dim vision
• Increased difficulty with night vision
• Sensitivity to light and glare
• Need for brighter light when reading
• Seeing 'halos' around lights
• Frequent changes in eyeglass prescriptions
• Colors appearing faded or yellowed

Risk Factors

Primary Factors:

• Advanced age (most common in people over 60)
• Family history
• Previous eye injuries or inflammation

Lifestyle Factors:

• Smoking
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Prolonged sun exposure
• Diabetes
• High blood pressure

Diagnosis

Your eye care professional will perform:

1. Visual acuity test
2. Slit-lamp examination
3. Dilated eye examination
4. Tonometry (eye pressure test)

Treatment Options

Early Stage:

• New eyeglass prescription
• Anti-glare coatings
• Better lighting

Advanced Stage:

• Surgical removal of the clouded lens
• Artificial lens implantation (IOL)

Prevention Strategies

• Wear UV-blocking sunglasses
• Quit smoking
• Maintain healthy blood sugar levels
• Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and antioxidants
• Attend regular eye examinations

Recovery and Outlook

Cataract surgery is generally very successful, with about 98% of patients reporting improved vision. Most people can resume normal activities within a few days to weeks after surgery.

When to Seek Medical Attention

Consult an eye care professional if you experience:

• Sudden vision changes
• Double vision
• Sudden eye pain
• Increased sensitivity to light

Living with Cataracts

Many people live with early-stage cataracts for years before needing surgery. Regular monitoring and lifestyle adjustments can help manage symptoms effectively.