What is Amniocentesis?
Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic procedure where a small amount of amniotic fluid is collected from the amniotic sac surrounding your developing baby. This fluid contains fetal cells and various compounds that can be analyzed for genetic and developmental information.
When is it Performed?
- Typically performed between weeks 15 and 20 of pregnancy
- May be recommended for women who:
- Are 35 years or older during pregnancy
- Have abnormal screening test results
- Have a family history of genetic disorders
- Had a previous pregnancy with chromosomal abnormalities
The Procedure
Before the Procedure
- Detailed ultrasound to confirm fetal position
- Review of medical history
- Signing of informed consent forms
During the Procedure
- Local anesthetic may be used
- Thin needle insertion through abdomen
- Collection of approximately 1 ounce of amniotic fluid
- Procedure typically takes 20-30 minutes
Risks and Complications
- Slight risk of miscarriage (about 1 in 400)
- Mild cramping
- Amniotic fluid leakage
- Infection (rare)
Test Results
What Can Be Detected?
- Chromosomal abnormalities
- Neural tube defects
- Genetic disorders
- Fetal lung maturity
Timeline
- Initial results: 2-3 days
- Complete results: 2 weeks
Recovery and Aftercare
- Rest for 24 hours after procedure
- Avoid strenuous activities
- Monitor for complications
- Follow-up with healthcare provider as directed
When to Seek Medical Attention
- Severe cramping
- Fever
- Vaginal bleeding
- Fluid leakage
- Decreased fetal movement
Alternative Testing Options
- Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)
- Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
- Maternal serum screening