What is Sunburn?
Sunburn is a radiation burn caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, primarily from the sun. It results in skin inflammation, redness, and sometimes blistering.
Symptoms
- Reddened, warm skin
- Pain and tenderness
- Swelling
- Blistering in severe cases
- Headache and fever (in extreme cases)
- Fatigue
Risk Factors
- Fair skin
- High altitude exposure
- Medications that increase sun sensitivity
- Time of day (10 AM - 4 PM highest risk)
- Reflective surfaces (water, sand, snow)
Prevention
Primary Prevention Methods
- Apply broad-spectrum sunscreen (SPF 30+)
- Reapply every 2 hours or after swimming
- Wear protective clothing
- Seek shade during peak hours
- Use UV-protective sunglasses
Treatment
Immediate Care
- Cool the skin with cold compresses
- Take anti-inflammatory medication
- Stay hydrated
- Apply aloe vera or moisturizer
When to Seek Medical Attention
- Severe blistering
- Signs of infection
- Fever above 101°F
- Extreme pain
- Signs of dehydration
Long-term Effects
- Premature skin aging
- Increased skin cancer risk
- Changes in skin texture
- Development of dark spots
Recovery Timeline
- Mild sunburn: 3-5 days
- Moderate sunburn: 5-7 days
- Severe sunburn: 7-14 days
Prevention Tips for Future
- Check UV index daily
- Plan outdoor activities strategically
- Keep sunscreen easily accessible
- Regular skin checks
- Remember: prevention is better than treatment