What is Atopic Eczema?
Atopic eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. It's part of the "atopic triad," which includes asthma and hay fever.
Key Symptoms
- Intense itching (pruritus)
- Dry, sensitive skin
- Red or brownish-gray patches
- Small, raised bumps
- Thickened, cracked, or scaly skin
- Raw, swollen skin from scratching
Common Affected Areas
- Face and neck
- Inside elbows
- Behind knees
- Hands and feet
- Chest and other body areas
Triggers and Risk Factors
Common Triggers:
- Stress
- Heat and sweating
- Cold, dry weather
- Certain fabrics (especially wool)
- Soap and detergents
- Environmental allergens
- Food allergies
Risk Factors:
- Family history of atopic conditions
- Living in urban areas
- Early life exposure to certain environments
Treatment Options
Topical Treatments
- Moisturizers (emollients)
- Topical corticosteroids
- Calcineurin inhibitors
- Antihistamines for itching
Lifestyle Management
- Regular moisturizing
- Avoiding triggers
- Gentle skincare routine
- Keeping nails short
- Wearing soft, breathable clothing
When to Seek Medical Help
- If symptoms are severe or worsening
- Signs of skin infection
- Sleep disruption due to symptoms
- Significant impact on daily activities
Long-term Management
- Maintain a daily skincare routine
- Keep a symptom diary
- Follow treatment plans consistently
- Regular check-ups with healthcare provider
Complications
- Skin infections
- Sleep problems
- Impact on quality of life
- Associated allergic conditions