What Are Beta Blockers?
Beta blockers (β-blockers) are prescription medications that reduce your heart's workload by blocking the effects of stress hormones like adrenaline. They work by blocking beta receptors in various parts of your body, primarily affecting your heart and blood vessels.
Common Uses
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias)
- Angina (chest pain)
- Heart failure
- Anxiety symptoms
- Migraine prevention
How They Work
Beta blockers function by:
- Slowing heart rate
- Reducing force of heart contractions
- Lowering blood pressure
- Decreasing oxygen demand on the heart
Common Types
-
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol-XL)
-
Atenolol (Tenormin)
-
Propranolol (Inderal)
-
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
-
Carvedilol (Coreg)
Side Effects
Common Side Effects
- Fatigue
- Cold hands and feet
- Dizziness
- Sleep disturbances
Less Common Side Effects
- Depression
- Shortness of breath
- Reduced exercise tolerance
- Sexual dysfunction
Important Considerations
-
Never stop suddenly: Gradual discontinuation is essential
-
Regular monitoring: Blood pressure and heart rate should be checked regularly
-
Drug interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications
-
Medical conditions: Certain conditions may affect beta blocker use
When to Contact Your Doctor
Seek medical attention if you experience:
- Severe dizziness
- Fainting
- Difficulty breathing
- Swelling in extremities
- Irregular heartbeat
Tips for Taking Beta Blockers
- Take at the same time daily
- Monitor your pulse regularly
- Keep all follow-up appointments
- Report any concerning symptoms promptly
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle