What is Bladder Cancer?
Bladder cancer occurs when abnormal cells in the bladder's lining begin to grow uncontrollably. The bladder, a hollow organ in the pelvis, stores urine before it leaves the body.
Risk Factors
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Age: Most common in older adults (>55 years)
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Smoking: The leading risk factor
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Chemical exposure: Certain industrial chemicals
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Chronic bladder inflammation
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Gender: More common in men
Common Symptoms
- Blood in urine (hematuria)
- Frequent urination
- Pain or burning during urination
- Lower back pain
- Pelvic pain
Types of Bladder Cancer
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Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
- Most common type (70%)
- Confined to the bladder's lining
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Muscle-invasive bladder cancer
- More aggressive
- Has grown into deeper layers
Diagnosis
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Urine tests: Checking for blood and cancer cells
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Cystoscopy: Camera examination of bladder
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Biopsy: Tissue sample analysis
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Imaging: CT scans, MRIs
Treatment Options
Early-Stage Treatment
- TURBT (Transurethral resection)
- Intravesical therapy
- Regular monitoring
Advanced Treatment
- Radical cystectomy (bladder removal)
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Radiation therapy
Living with Bladder Cancer
- Regular follow-up care
- Lifestyle modifications
- Support groups
- Smoking cessation
Prevention
- Don't smoke/quit smoking
- Limit chemical exposure
- Stay hydrated
- Regular check-ups
When to See a Doctor
Seek immediate medical attention if you notice:
- Blood in urine
- Persistent urinary symptoms
- Unexplained pelvic pain