What is Bowel Cancer Screening?
Bowel cancer screening is a preventive health measure designed to detect early signs of colorectal cancer before symptoms appear. Regular screening can help identify precancerous polyps or early-stage cancer when treatment is most effective.
Who Should Get Screened?
- Adults aged 45-75 years (standard recommendation)
- Individuals with family history may need earlier screening
- People with specific risk factors may require more frequent screening
Common Screening Methods
1. Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)
- Annual test
- Detects hidden blood in stool
- Non-invasive, can be done at home
- Requires follow-up colonoscopy if positive
2. Colonoscopy
- Recommended every 10 years
- Direct visualization of entire colon
- Can remove polyps during procedure
- Requires bowel preparation
3. Other Options
- Flexible sigmoidoscopy (every 5 years)
- CT colonography (every 5 years)
- Stool DNA testing (every 3 years)
What to Expect
Before Screening
- Discuss options with healthcare provider
- Choose appropriate screening method
- Follow preparation instructions carefully
During Screening
- FIT: Simple stool sample collection
- Colonoscopy: 30-60 minute procedure under sedation
After Screening
- Review results with healthcare provider
- Schedule follow-up appointments if needed
- Plan next screening based on results
Warning Signs to Report
- Blood in stool
- Unexplained weight loss
- Persistent change in bowel habits
- Abdominal pain
Benefits of Regular Screening
- Early detection of cancer
- Prevention through polyp removal
- Higher cure rates
- Peace of mind
Risk Factors
- Family history of colorectal cancer
- Personal history of inflammatory bowel disease
- Certain inherited syndromes
- Lifestyle factors (diet, smoking, obesity)