Understanding Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Comprehensive Patient Guide

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) occurs when the median nerve, which runs from your forearm into the palm of your hand, becomes pressed or squeezed at the wrist. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway of ligament and bones at the base of your hand that houses this nerve and tendons.

Common Symptoms

• Numbness, tingling, and pain in the hand and arm
• Weakness in hand grip
• Tendency to drop objects
• Night-time symptoms that may wake you from sleep
• Pain that may extend up the arm to the shoulder

Risk Factors

• Repetitive hand and wrist movements
• Pregnancy and hormonal changes
• Diabetes
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Obesity
• Age (more common in older adults)

Diagnosis

Your doctor may perform:

1. Physical examination
2. Tinel's sign test
3. Phalen's test
4. Nerve conduction studies
5. Electromyography (EMG)

Treatment Options

Conservative Treatment

• Wrist splinting
• NSAIDs for pain management
• Activity modifications
• Ergonomic workplace adjustments
• Nerve gliding exercises

Medical Interventions

• Corticosteroid injections
• Surgery (carpal tunnel release) when conservative treatment fails

Self-Care Measures

1. Take frequent breaks from repetitive activities
2. Maintain proper posture
3. Keep wrists neutral during sleep
4. Apply cold packs to reduce swelling
5. Perform approved exercises regularly

When to Contact Your Doctor

Seek medical attention if:

• Symptoms persist for more than two weeks
• You experience constant numbness
• You have severe pain
• You notice muscle weakness

Prevention Tips

• Maintain good posture
• Use ergonomic tools
• Take regular breaks
• Perform stretching exercises
• Keep wrists warm

Long-term Outlook

With proper treatment and care, most patients experience significant improvement. Early intervention typically leads to better outcomes.