What is a Cavernoma?
A cavernoma is a cluster of abnormal blood vessels that form a cavity filled with blood. These malformations typically occur in the brain or spinal cord and are also known as cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) or cavernous angiomas.
Key Characteristics
- Size ranges from a few millimeters to several centimeters
- Appearance similar to a raspberry
- May be single or multiple
- Can occur at any age
- May be inherited or sporadic
Common Symptoms
-
Seizures - Most common symptom
-
Headaches
-
Neurological deficits:
- Weakness
- Vision problems
- Balance issues
- Speech difficulties
-
Bleeding (hemorrhage)
Diagnosis
Primary Diagnostic Tools
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
- CT scan
- Genetic testing (for familial cases)
Treatment Options
Conservative Management
- Regular monitoring
- Anti-epileptic medications for seizures
- Regular MRI scans
Surgical Intervention
Considered when:
- Significant bleeding occurs
- Seizures are uncontrolled
- Location is accessible
- Progressive neurological symptoms develop
Living with Cavernoma
Lifestyle Considerations
- Avoid contact sports
- Regular medical follow-up
- Genetic counseling if familial
- Pregnancy planning if applicable
When to Seek Emergency Care
- Sudden severe headache
- New or worsening neurological symptoms
- First-time seizure
- Visual disturbances
Prognosis
Prognosis varies depending on:
- Location of the cavernoma
- Size and number of lesions
- Previous bleeding history
- Treatment response
Support and Resources
- Neurological support groups
- Genetic counseling services
- Patient advocacy organizations
- Regular medical monitoring