Understanding Chlamydia

What is Chlamydia?

Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. It can affect both men and women and may cause serious complications if left untreated.

Symptoms

In Women:

• Abnormal vaginal discharge
• Burning sensation during urination
• Pain during intercourse
• Lower abdominal pain
• Irregular bleeding

In Men:

• Clear or cloudy discharge from penis
• Burning sensation during urination
• Testicular pain or swelling

Note: Many infected people (up to 75%) show no symptoms at all.

Transmission

Chlamydia spreads through:

• Vaginal sex
• Anal sex
• Oral sex
• Mother-to-baby during childbirth

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:

• Urine test
• Swab test from affected area
• Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs)

Treatment

Antibiotics

• Azithromycin (single dose)
• Doxycycline (7-day course)

Important Guidelines:

1. Complete all prescribed medication
2. Abstain from sexual activity during treatment
3. Ensure all sexual partners get tested and treated
4. Get retested after 3 months

Complications if Untreated

In Women:

• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
• Infertility
• Ectopic pregnancy

In Men:

• Epididymitis
• Reactive arthritis

Prevention

1. Use condoms consistently and correctly
2. Regular STI screening
3. Limit sexual partners
4. Open communication with partners

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if you:

• Notice any symptoms
• Had unprotected sex
• Have a new sexual partner
• Were exposed to an STI