What is CVS?
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a prenatal diagnostic test that involves collecting a small sample of placental tissue (chorionic villi) to test for chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders in the developing fetus.
When is CVS Performed?
- Usually between 10 and 13 weeks of pregnancy
- Earlier than amniocentesis
- When there are specific risk factors or concerns
Reasons for CVS Testing
- Advanced maternal age (35 or older)
- Abnormal first-trimester screening results
- Family history of genetic disorders
- Previous pregnancy with chromosomal abnormalities
The Procedure
Two Approaches:
-
Transcervical: Through the cervix using a thin catheter
-
Transabdominal: Through the abdomen using a fine needle
What to Expect
- Takes approximately 20-30 minutes
- Performed under ultrasound guidance
- Local anesthetic may be used
- Recovery time is minimal
Risks and Complications
- Miscarriage (about 1%)
- Infection (rare)
- Bleeding or spotting
- Cramping
Results and Accuracy
- Results available within 10-14 days
- 98-99% accuracy rate
- May detect:
- Chromosomal disorders
- Genetic conditions
- Inherited disorders
Recovery Guidelines
- Rest for 24 hours after procedure
- Avoid strenuous activities
- Monitor for complications
- Follow up with healthcare provider as directed
When to Seek Medical Attention
- Heavy bleeding
- Severe cramping
- Fever
- Fluid leakage
- Severe pain
Alternatives to CVS
- Amniocentesis
- Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT)
- First-trimester screening
- Cell-free DNA testing