What is Club Foot?
Club foot is a congenital condition where a baby's foot is twisted inward and downward. The medical term for this condition is talipes equinovarus. It can affect one or both feet and occurs in approximately 1 in 1,000 births.
Key Characteristics
- Foot turned inward and downward
- Calf muscles may be smaller than normal
- Affected foot may be slightly shorter
- Can occur in one foot (unilateral) or both feet (bilateral)
Causes
- Genetic factors
- Environmental influences during pregnancy
- Position of baby in the womb
- Family history may increase risk
Diagnosis
Prenatal Diagnosis
- Often detected during routine ultrasound scans
- Usually visible between 18-20 weeks of pregnancy
After Birth
- Physical examination by pediatrician
- X-rays may be taken to assess severity
Treatment Options
1. Ponseti Method
Primary treatment approach including:
- Weekly gentle manipulation
- Serial casting
- Possible minor tendon release
- Maintenance with foot braces
2. French Method
- Daily manipulations
- Taping and soft casting
- Physical therapy exercises
Long-term Management
- Regular follow-up appointments
- Proper brace wear as prescribed
- Monitoring of foot development
- Physical therapy as needed
Prognosis
- Most cases can be successfully treated
- Early intervention gives best results
- Children typically achieve normal function
- May require ongoing monitoring
When to Contact Healthcare Provider
- If brace causes pain or discomfort
- Signs of skin irritation
- Concerns about development
- Questions about treatment progress
Support Resources
- Support groups for parents
- Physical therapy resources
- Educational materials
- Financial assistance programs