What is Coeliac Disease?
Coeliac disease is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to gluten, causing damage to the small intestine's lining.
Key Facts
- Affects approximately 1% of the population
- Genetic predisposition plays a significant role
- Cannot be outgrown - it's a lifelong condition
- Must be managed through strict dietary changes
Common Symptoms
Digestive Symptoms
- Diarrhea
- Bloating and gas
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea
- Weight loss
Non-digestive Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Iron-deficiency anemia
- Skin rash (dermatitis herpetiformis)
- Joint pain
- Depression or anxiety
Diagnosis
- Blood tests to check for specific antibodies
- Genetic testing
- Intestinal biopsy (gold standard)
Treatment
Gluten-Free Diet
The only effective treatment is a strict gluten-free diet, avoiding:
- Wheat
- Barley
- Rye
- Some oat products
Monitoring
- Regular follow-up with healthcare providers
- Blood tests to monitor antibody levels
- Nutritional assessment
Complications if Untreated
- Malnutrition
- Osteoporosis
- Infertility
- Increased risk of certain cancers
Living with Coeliac Disease
Tips for Success
- Read food labels carefully
- Learn about hidden sources of gluten
- Join support groups
- Plan ahead when eating out
When to Seek Medical Help
- Persistent digestive symptoms
- Unexplained weight loss
- Family history of coeliac disease
- Ongoing fatigue or weakness