Understanding Colon Cancer Screening: A Patient Guide

Why Screening Matters

Colorectal cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer when caught early through regular screening. It typically develops from precancerous polyps that can be removed before they become dangerous.

Who Should Get Screened

• Adults aged 45-75 should undergo regular screening
• Those with family history may need earlier screening
• High-risk individuals may require more frequent screening

Common Screening Methods

1. Colonoscopy

• Gold standard screening method
• Examines entire colon
• Performed every 10 years if results normal
• Allows for polyp removal during procedure

2. Stool-Based Tests

• FIT (Fecal Immunochemical Test): Annual
• FIT-DNA (Cologuard®): Every 3 years
• gFOBT (Guaiac-based test): Annual

3. Other Visual Exams

• CT Colonography: Every 5 years
• Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: Every 5 years

Preparation Requirements

For Colonoscopy

1. Dietary restrictions (clear liquids)
2. Bowel preparation solution
3. Transportation arrangement
4. Time off work (1 day)

For Stool Tests

• Minimal preparation
• Follow specific collection instructions
• Some dietary restrictions may apply

Follow-Up Care

• Adherence to recommended screening intervals
• Prompt follow-up for positive results
• Regular communication with healthcare provider

Risk Factors to Discuss

• Family history
• Personal medical history
• Lifestyle factors
• Symptoms requiring immediate attention