Understanding Colon Cancer Screening: A Patient's Guide

Why Screening Matters

Colon cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer when detected early. Regular screening can identify precancerous polyps before they develop into cancer, making it a crucial part of preventive healthcare.

When to Start Screening

• Average-risk individuals: Age 45
• Earlier screening if you have:
  • Family history of colorectal cancer
  • Personal history of inflammatory bowel disease
  • Certain inherited syndromes

Available Screening Methods

1. Colonoscopy

• Gold standard for screening
• Examines entire colon
• Performed every 10 years for average-risk patients
• Requires bowel preparation
• Allows for polyp removal during procedure

2. FIT (Fecal Immunochemical Test)

• Annual at-home stool test
• No dietary restrictions
• Tests for hidden blood
• Requires follow-up colonoscopy if positive

3. Other Options

• Stool DNA testing (every 3 years)
• CT colonography (every 5 years)
• Flexible sigmoidoscopy (every 5 years)

Preparing for Your Screening

Colonoscopy Preparation

1. Follow dietary restrictions (clear liquids)
2. Complete bowel preparation as prescribed
3. Arrange transportation home
4. Stop certain medications as advised

After Your Screening

• Discuss results with your healthcare provider
• Follow recommended screening intervals
• Report any new symptoms promptly

Insurance Coverage

Most insurance plans cover preventive screening starting at age 45. Contact your provider for specific coverage details.

Warning Signs to Report

• Unexplained weight loss
• Blood in stool
• Change in bowel habits
• Persistent abdominal pain

Contact your healthcare provider if you experience any concerning symptoms, regardless of your last screening date.