Understanding Colposcopy

What is a Colposcopy?

A colposcopy is a detailed examination of the cervix, vagina, and vulva using a special microscope called a colposcope. This procedure allows healthcare providers to identify abnormal cells and changes that might develop into cervical cancer.

Why is it Performed?

• Follow-up after an abnormal Pap smear
• Investigation of abnormal bleeding
• Evaluation of suspicious-looking cervical areas
• Assessment of HPV-related changes

What to Expect

Before the Procedure

• Avoid scheduling during menstruation
• Abstain from vaginal intercourse for 24-48 hours prior
• Inform your doctor about medications and pregnancy

During the Procedure

1. Position on examination table with feet in stirrups
2. Insertion of speculum
3. Application of mild solutions to highlight abnormal areas
4. Examination through the colposcope
5. Possible biopsy if abnormal areas are identified

Duration and Discomfort

The procedure typically takes 10-20 minutes. Most patients experience minimal discomfort, similar to a routine pelvic exam. If a biopsy is needed, you may feel a brief pinch or cramp.

After the Procedure

Normal Side Effects

• Light spotting (if biopsy performed)
• Mild cramping
• Dark discharge from solution used

When to Seek Help

Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:

• Heavy bleeding
• Severe pain
• Signs of infection

Results and Follow-up

Your healthcare provider will discuss results with you:

• Normal findings
• Minor changes requiring monitoring
• Abnormal findings requiring treatment

Important Considerations

• Safe during pregnancy
• No anesthesia required
• Resume normal activities same day
• Follow post-procedure care instructions carefully