What is Endometriosis?
Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining (endometrium) grows outside the uterus. This tissue can be found on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and other pelvic organs.
Key Symptoms
- Severe menstrual cramps
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Pain during intercourse
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Infertility
- Painful bowel movements or urination during periods
- Lower back pain
Causes and Risk Factors
Primary Factors
- Retrograde menstruation
- Genetic predisposition
- Immune system disorders
- Hormonal imbalances
Risk Factors
- Family history
- Never giving birth
- Early onset of menstruation
- Short menstrual cycles
Diagnosis
Common Diagnostic Methods
-
Pelvic Exam: Physical examination of pelvic area
-
Imaging Tests:
-
Laparoscopy: The gold standard for diagnosis
Treatment Options
Pain Management
- Over-the-counter pain medications
- Hormonal treatments
- Heat therapy
Medical Treatments
-
Hormonal Therapies:
- Birth control pills
- Progestin therapy
- GnRH agonists
-
Surgical Options:
- Laparoscopic excision
- Hysterectomy (in severe cases)
Living with Endometriosis
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle
- Regular exercise
- Stress management
- Dietary modifications
- Support group participation
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical attention if you experience:
- Severe pelvic pain
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
- Infertility
- Persistent digestive problems
Support and Resources
- Join endometriosis support groups
- Consult with specialists
- Keep track of symptoms
- Regular follow-up care