What is an Epidural?
An epidural is a type of regional anesthesia that blocks pain in specific areas of the body. It involves injecting local anesthetic medication into the epidural space of the spine.
Common Uses
- Labor and childbirth pain management
- Surgical procedures below the waist
- Chronic pain management
- Post-operative pain relief
The Procedure
Before the Epidural
- Medical history review
- Physical examination
- Vital signs monitoring
- IV fluid administration
During Administration
- Positioning (usually sitting or lying on side)
- Local anesthetic to numb the injection site
- Careful insertion of epidural needle
- Placement of thin catheter
- Medication administration
Benefits
- Effective pain relief while maintaining consciousness
- Ability to adjust medication levels
- Reduced need for systemic pain medication
- Patient remains alert and aware
Potential Risks and Side Effects
Common Side Effects
- Temporary numbness or weakness
- Minor drop in blood pressure
- Difficulty urinating
- Itching
Rare Complications
- Severe headache
- Infection
- Nerve damage
- Bleeding around the spine
Recovery
- Effects wear off within 1-2 hours after stopping medication
- Gradual return of sensation
- Short monitoring period required
- Normal activities usually resume within 24 hours
When to Seek Help
Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:
- Severe headache
- Fever
- Back pain lasting more than a few days
- Numbness or tingling lasting longer than expected
Preparation Tips
- Discuss medical history with your doctor
- Report any allergies or medications
- Follow fasting guidelines if applicable
- Ask questions about the procedure