What is Frozen Shoulder?
Frozen shoulder, medically known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. The condition develops gradually, typically progressing through three distinct stages.
Stages of Frozen Shoulder
1. Freezing Stage (6-9 months)
- Gradual onset of shoulder pain
- Progressive loss of motion
- Pain typically worse at night
- Daily activities become increasingly difficult
2. Frozen Stage (4-6 months)
- Pain may improve
- Significant stiffness
- Reduced range of motion
- Shoulder movement severely limited
3. Thawing Stage (6-24 months)
- Gradual improvement in mobility
- Slow return of range of motion
- Decreased stiffness
Common Causes and Risk Factors
- Age (40-60 years most common)
- Gender (more common in women)
- Diabetes
- Previous shoulder trauma or surgery
- Prolonged immobilization
- Thyroid disorders
Diagnosis
- Physical examination
- Range of motion testing
- Imaging (X-rays, MRI) to rule out other conditions
Treatment Options
Conservative Management
- Physical therapy
- Pain management medications
- Heat/cold therapy
- Gentle stretching exercises
Medical Interventions
- Corticosteroid injections
- Hydrodilatation
- Surgery (in severe cases)
Prevention and Self-Care
- Regular shoulder exercises
- Early mobility after injury
- Proper posture maintenance
- Regular physical activity
When to Seek Medical Care
- Persistent shoulder pain
- Progressive loss of motion
- Night pain affecting sleep
- Difficulty with daily activities