What is a Hysterectomy?
A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure that removes the uterus (womb). It's one of the most common surgical procedures performed on women.
Types of Hysterectomy
Total Hysterectomy
- Removes the entire uterus and cervix
- Most common type
Partial Hysterectomy
- Removes the upper part of the uterus
- Leaves the cervix in place
Total Hysterectomy with Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy
- Removes uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
Common Reasons for Hysterectomy
- Uterine fibroids
- Endometriosis
- Uterine prolapse
- Cancer (uterine, cervical, or ovarian)
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Abnormal uterine bleeding
Surgical Approaches
-
Vaginal Hysterectomy
- Through the vagina
- Shortest recovery time
- No external scarring
-
Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
- Small abdominal incisions
- Camera-assisted
- Shorter recovery than open surgery
-
Abdominal Hysterectomy
- Large abdominal incision
- Longer recovery time
- Required for certain conditions
Recovery and Aftercare
Hospital Stay
- 1-2 days for minimally invasive procedures
- 3-5 days for abdominal surgery
Recovery Period
- 2-4 weeks for vaginal/laparoscopic
- 4-6 weeks for abdominal
Post-operative Care
- Rest and limited activity
- Gradual return to normal activities
- Regular follow-up appointments
- Pelvic floor exercises
Long-term Effects
- No more menstrual periods
- Unable to become pregnant
- Possible early menopause (if ovaries removed)
- May need hormone replacement therapy
Risks and Complications
Common
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Pain
- Constipation
Less Common
- Blood clots
- Damage to surrounding organs
- Urinary problems
- Anesthesia reactions
When to Seek Medical Help
Contact your doctor if you experience:
- Fever over 100.4°F (38°C)
- Heavy bleeding
- Severe pain
- Signs of infection
- Difficulty urinating