What is Lymphoedema?
Lymphoedema is a chronic condition characterized by swelling (oedema) in body tissues caused by problems with the lymphatic system. This swelling most commonly affects the arms or legs, but can occur in other parts of the body.
Causes
Primary Lymphoedema
- Inherited conditions affecting lymphatic development
- Present at birth or developing later in life
- Relatively rare
Secondary Lymphoedema
- Cancer treatment (especially after lymph node removal)
- Infection
- Injury or trauma
- Surgery
- Obesity
Common Symptoms
- Persistent swelling in affected limb(s)
- Heavy, aching sensation
- Restricted range of motion
- Tightness in skin or joints
- Recurring infections
- Hardening and thickening of skin
Diagnosis
- Physical examination
- Medical history review
- Imaging tests (lymphoscintigraphy, MRI, CT)
- Bioimpedance testing
Treatment Options
Conservative Management
-
Compression Therapy
- Compression garments
- Bandaging
- Pneumatic compression devices
-
Exercise
- Gentle exercises
- Swimming
- Specialized lymphoedema exercises
-
Skincare
- Regular moisturizing
- Careful wound management
- Infection prevention
Specialized Treatments
- Manual Lymphatic Drainage (MLD)
- Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT)
- Surgery (in severe cases)
Self-Management Tips
- Maintain healthy weight
- Protect affected areas from injury
- Exercise regularly
- Wear compression garments as prescribed
- Monitor for signs of infection
When to Seek Medical Help
- Sudden increase in swelling
- Signs of infection (redness, warmth, pain)
- Development of wounds
- Decreased mobility
Prevention Strategies
- Regular exercise
- Maintain healthy weight
- Protect skin from cuts and burns
- Follow post-surgery guidelines
- Regular medical check-ups