Understanding Molar Pregnancy

What is a Molar Pregnancy?

A molar pregnancy (hydatidiform mole) is an abnormal form of pregnancy where placental tissue develops into an abnormal mass of cysts instead of a normal fetus. This occurs due to problems during fertilization.

Types of Molar Pregnancy

• Complete Molar Pregnancy

  • No fetal tissue develops
  • Only abnormal placental tissue is present
  • Contains no maternal chromosomes

• Partial Molar Pregnancy

  • Some fetal tissue may develop
  • Contains both maternal and paternal chromosomes
  • Not viable for normal development

Common Symptoms

• Vaginal bleeding (often dark brown to bright red)
• Severe nausea and vomiting
• Grape-like cysts passing from vagina
• Unusually high hCG levels
• Rapid uterine growth
• High blood pressure (in some cases)

Risk Factors

• Age over 35 or under 20
• Previous molar pregnancy
• History of miscarriage
• Asian ethnicity
• Dietary deficiencies

Diagnosis

1. Blood tests (hCG levels)
2. Ultrasound examination
3. Physical examination
4. Medical history review

Treatment Options

• Dilation and Curettage (D&C)

  • Primary treatment method
  • Removes abnormal tissue

• Follow-up Care

  • Regular hCG monitoring
  • Contraception recommended
  • Duration: 6-12 months

Potential Complications

• Persistent trophoblastic disease
• Choriocarcinoma (rare)
• Emotional trauma
• Future pregnancy concerns

Recovery and Future Pregnancy

• Wait 6-12 months before trying to conceive
• Success rate for future pregnancies is high
• Increased monitoring in subsequent pregnancies
• Regular check-ups recommended

When to Seek Medical Care

• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Severe nausea/vomiting
• Pelvic pain or pressure
• Grape-like tissue passage
• Any pregnancy symptoms that seem unusual