What Is Necrotising Fasciitis?
Necrotising fasciitis is a rare but severe bacterial infection that affects the soft tissues and fascia (the connective tissue that surrounds muscles, nerves, and blood vessels). Often called 'flesh-eating disease,' it rapidly destroys tissue and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
Key Facts
- Occurs in approximately 0.4 cases per 100,000 people annually
- Requires immediate medical attention
- Can affect any part of the body
- Most commonly affects limbs, groin, and abdominal wall
Risk Factors
- Weakened immune system
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Cuts, scrapes, or surgical wounds
- Intravenous drug use
- Chronic health conditions
Warning Signs and Symptoms
Early Symptoms
- Severe pain that seems disproportionate to visible injury
- Fever and chills
- Redness or warm skin in affected area
Later Symptoms
- Skin discoloration (purple or dark patches)
- Blisters or black spots
- Swelling and fluid accumulation
- Dizziness and fatigue
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis Methods
- Physical examination
- Blood tests
- Imaging (CT, MRI)
- Tissue biopsy if needed
Treatment Approach
-
Immediate hospitalization
-
Aggressive antibiotic therapy
-
Surgical debridement (removal of infected tissue)
-
Supportive care (fluids, pain management)
Prevention
- Clean all wounds properly
- Keep injuries covered with clean bandages
- Practice good hygiene
- Seek medical attention for concerning wounds
When to Seek Emergency Care
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
- Severe pain with redness or swelling
- Fever with skin changes
- Rapidly spreading infection
Recovery and Outlook
- Recovery period varies depending on severity
- May require rehabilitation
- Some patients need reconstructive surgery
- Long-term follow-up care is essential