Understanding Nipple Discharge

What is Nipple Discharge?

Nipple discharge is any fluid that comes out of the nipple of the breast. It can occur in one or both breasts and may appear spontaneously or only when the nipple is squeezed.

Types of Discharge

• Clear or milky: Often normal, especially during pregnancy or recent breastfeeding
• Yellow or green: May indicate infection
• Brown or bloody: Requires immediate medical attention
• Black or dark: May suggest blocked ducts

Common Causes

Normal Causes

• Pregnancy
• Recent breastfeeding
• Hormonal changes
• Certain medications

Medical Conditions

• Breast infection (mastitis)
• Mammary duct ectasia
• Intraductal papilloma
• Fibrocystic breast changes
• Breast cancer (rare but serious)

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if you experience:

• Spontaneous discharge
• Bloody or dark discharge
• Discharge from only one breast
• Associated lumps or breast changes
• Discharge unrelated to pregnancy/breastfeeding

Diagnosis

Common Tests Include:

1. Physical examination
2. Mammogram
3. Ultrasound
4. Duct cytology
5. Blood tests

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the underlying cause:

• Medication adjustments if drug-related
• Antibiotics for infections
• Surgical removal of problematic ducts or masses
• Treatment of underlying hormonal conditions

Prevention

• Regular breast self-examinations
• Annual medical check-ups
• Prompt attention to breast changes
• Maintaining hormone balance

Living With Nipple Discharge

Most cases are benign and treatable. However, proper medical evaluation is essential for peace of mind and appropriate treatment.