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Understanding Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): A Patient's Guide

Essential Information About PAD Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Options

Cardiology

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Last updated: Mar 24, 2025

What is PAD?

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is a circulatory condition where narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, most commonly affecting the legs.

Key Symptoms

  • Leg pain during walking (claudication)
  • Numbness or weakness in legs
  • Cold feet or legs
  • Slow-healing sores
  • Changes in leg color
  • Reduced pulse in legs or feet

Risk Factors

  • Smoking
  • Diabetes
  • High blood pressure
  • High cholesterol
  • Age over 60
  • Family history
  • Obesity

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination
  • Ankle-brachial index (ABI)
  • Ultrasound
  • Angiography when needed

Treatment Options

Lifestyle Changes

  • Smoking cessation
  • Regular exercise
  • Healthy diet
  • Weight management

Medical Management

  • Blood pressure medications
  • Cholesterol-lowering drugs
  • Anti-platelet medications
  • Diabetes management

Advanced Treatments

  • Angioplasty
  • Stent placement
  • Bypass surgery

Prevention

  • Regular physical activity
  • Heart-healthy diet
  • Blood pressure control
  • Regular medical check-ups

When to Seek Help

Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:

  • Persistent leg pain
  • Non-healing wounds
  • Severe coldness in limbs
  • Color changes in feet

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