What is Pre-eclampsia?
Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to organ systems, most often the liver and kidneys. It typically occurs after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
Key Signs and Symptoms
- High blood pressure (140/90 mmHg or higher)
- Protein in urine (proteinuria)
- Severe headaches
- Vision changes or blurred vision
- Upper abdominal pain
- Sudden swelling in face and hands
- Rapid weight gain
Risk Factors
- First pregnancy
- Family history of pre-eclampsia
- Multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets)
- Age (under 20 or over 35)
- Obesity
- Pre-existing conditions:
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Kidney disease
Diagnosis and Monitoring
Your healthcare provider will:
- Regularly check blood pressure
- Test urine for protein
- Monitor blood tests
- Perform regular ultrasounds
Treatment Options
Conservative Management
- Regular monitoring
- Blood pressure medication if needed
- Bed rest when indicated
Delivery
- May be necessary if condition becomes severe
- Timing depends on:
- Gestational age
- Severity of condition
- Mother's and baby's health
Prevention Strategies
- Regular prenatal care
- Low-dose aspirin (if recommended)
- Maintaining healthy weight
- Regular exercise (as approved)
- Balanced diet
When to Seek Emergency Care
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience:
- Severe headaches
- Vision changes
- Severe abdominal pain
- Decreased fetal movement
- Difficulty breathing
Long-term Outlook
Most women recover fully after delivery, but may have:
- Increased risk in future pregnancies
- Need for follow-up care
- Higher risk of cardiovascular issues later in life