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Understanding Stroke Prevention: A Comprehensive Guide

Essential strategies to reduce stroke risk and maintain cardiovascular health

Cardiology

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Last updated: Mar 24, 2025

What is a Stroke?

A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted, either by a blood clot (ischemic stroke) or a ruptured blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke).

Key Risk Factors

  • High blood pressure (>130/80 mmHg)
  • Atrial fibrillation
  • High cholesterol
  • Diabetes
  • Smoking
  • Obesity
  • Physical inactivity

Prevention Strategies

1. Blood Pressure Management

  • Regular monitoring
  • Medication adherence if prescribed
  • Dietary sodium reduction

2. Lifestyle Modifications

  • Exercise: 150 minutes of moderate activity weekly
  • Diet: Mediterranean or DASH diet recommended
  • Smoking cessation
  • Limited alcohol consumption

3. Medical Management

  • Anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation
  • Statins for high cholesterol
  • Regular check-ups

Warning Signs (FAST)

  • Face drooping
  • Arm weakness
  • Speech difficulty
  • Time to call emergency services

Additional Prevention Tips

  • Monitor blood sugar levels
  • Maintain healthy weight
  • Manage stress levels
  • Take medications as prescribed

When to Seek Medical Help

Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience:

  • Sudden numbness
  • Vision problems
  • Severe headache
  • Balance issues

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