What is Trichomoniasis?
Trichomoniasis ("trich") is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a microscopic parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis.
Signs and Symptoms
In Women:
- Frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge
- Unpleasant vaginal odor
- Genital itching or irritation
- Discomfort during urination
- Pain during sexual intercourse
In Men:
- Usually asymptomatic
- Possible mild urethral discharge
- Burning after urination or ejaculation
- Irritation inside the penis
Diagnosis
- Physical examination
- Laboratory testing of samples
- Microscopic examination
- Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs)
Treatment
Medication
- Single-dose oral antibiotic (usually metronidazole or tinidazole)
- Both partners must be treated simultaneously
- Abstain from alcohol during treatment and 24-72 hours after
Follow-up
- Avoid sexual activity during treatment
- Return for testing if symptoms persist
- Get retested within 3 months
Prevention
- Practice safe sex
- Use condoms consistently and correctly
- Limit sexual partners
- Get regular STI screenings
Complications if Untreated
- Increased risk of HIV transmission
- Pregnancy complications
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Infertility issues
When to See a Doctor
- If you experience any symptoms
- After potential exposure
- During pregnancy
- If your partner is diagnosed
Important Notes
- Trichomoniasis can be cured with proper treatment
- Reinfection is common
- Regular testing is important for sexually active individuals
- Confidential testing is available at most healthcare facilities