Understanding Uterine Fibroids

What Are Fibroids?

Fibroids (myomas) are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus. They're composed of muscle and fibrous tissue and can vary in size from tiny seedlings to large masses.

Common Symptoms

• Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
• Pelvic pressure and pain
• Frequent urination
• Constipation
• Backache or leg pains
• Difficulty getting pregnant

Risk Factors

• Age (most common during reproductive years)
• Family history
• African American heritage
• Obesity
• High blood pressure
• Vitamin D deficiency

Diagnosis

Your healthcare provider may use several methods to diagnose fibroids:

• Pelvic examination
• Ultrasound
• MRI
• Hysteroscopy

Treatment Options

Medication

• Hormonal birth control
• GnRH agonists
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Minimally Invasive Procedures

• Uterine artery embolization
• Myomectomy
• Radiofrequency ablation

Surgery

• Hysterectomy (if other treatments aren't suitable)

Living with Fibroids

• Monitor symptoms
• Regular check-ups
• Maintain healthy weight
• Exercise regularly
• Consider iron supplements if experiencing heavy bleeding

When to Seek Medical Care

Consult your healthcare provider if you experience:

• Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding
• Severe pelvic pain
• Difficulty urinating
• Rapid fibroid growth

Complications

• Anemia from heavy bleeding
• Pregnancy complications
• Infertility (rarely)
• Kidney problems (in severe cases)